Pemahaman PNS Lulusan Pondok Pesantren Tentang Kewajiban Zakat Profesi Perspektif Sosiologi Pengetahuan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21154/muslimheritage.v1i1.387Keywords:
knowledge, civil servant, eks islamic barding school, profesion zakatAbstract
Abstract: The idea of profession alms is a relatively novelty in Indonesian Islamic societies. In Indonesia, the government officials who are graduates of boarding school really know that the Koran, Hadith, and religious textbooks, which they have learned, do not require profession alms. So they consider profession alms as an unknown duty in Islam. But in reality, the profession alms has been charged by the government to them directly deducted monthly from their salaries. This study examines the attitude of government employees who are graduates of the boarding school on the obligations of profession alms with the main question “why they finally fulfill alms profession”. The answers will be sought with the perspective of the sociology of knowledge. This perspective is used to reveal which human knowledge is most decisive for his actions. This research has resulted in findings, using the Karl Mannheim’s relationism theory, that the subordination of government employees graduated from boarding school to to pay profession alms is dominated by power relation. Here knowledge has been used as instrument of power to determine a rule that must effectively apply.
Abstrak: Zakat profesi merupakan wacana baru yang berkembang di masyarakat. Para pegawai negeri sipil (PNS) lulusan pondok pesantren memahami bahwa kewajiban zakat profesi tidak dibahas dalam al-Qur’an, Hadith, dan literatur salaf. Dalam konteks ini, peraturan pemerintah yang menetapan kadar zakat profesi sebesar 2,5%, yang langsung dipotongkan dari gaji PNS setiap bulannya, mendapat tanggapan kontroversial dari sebagian kalangan PNS lulusan pondok pesantren karena belum menemukan dasar yang kuat. Penelitian ini akan mengkaji terkait pandangan PNS lulusan Pondok pesantren mengenai kewajiban zakat profesi, serta landasan PNS tersebut dalam menjalankan kewajiban membayar zakat profesi. Penelitian ini menghasilkan temuan, Pertama, PNS lulusan pondok pesantren menganggap bahwa relasionisme antara PNS lulusan pondok pesantren merupakan implementasi konsep relasionisme Karl Mannheim, buktinya bahwa pengetahuan tentang zakat profesi dimunculkan oleh pemerintah sebagai penguasa. Kedua, Dasar ketundukan PNS lulusan pondok pesantren tetap patuh membayar zakat profesi didominasi oleh relasi kekuasaan dan pengetahuan, pemerintah yang memiliki kekuasaan memiliki kekuatan untuk mengikat PNS sebagai masyarakat. Pengetahuan sebagai alat yang digunakan oleh kekuasaan untuk menentukan sebuah peraturan yang harus dipatuhi oleh masyarakat.
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